Redes sociais e desinformação na saúde: o caso do facebook
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62758/re.v2i3.106Palavras-chave:
Facebook, Desinformação, Redes Sociais Digitais, Informação de Saúde, Saúde Pública, COVID-19Resumo
A pandemia da COVID-19 realçou a importância da qualidade e da fiabilidade da informação sobre saúde, especialmente, aquela que é consumida diariamente pelos cidadãos através do Facebook e de outras redes sociais digitais. Os estudos sobre o comportamento informacional não podem ignorar que o feed de notícias do Facebook surge como um canal de informação para muitos indivíduos, que leem e partilham informações de saúde para diferentes fins, incluindo notícias falsas e fontes de desinformação, ignorando critérios básicos de avaliação ou estratégias de verificação de factos. Este artigo pretende analisar resultados da investigação sobre o comportamento face à informação online de saúde através das redes sociais digitais, centrando-se no Facebook, no período mais intenso da crise pandémica e no fenómeno da desinformação. É realizada uma revisão da literatura, utilizando 51 trabalhos recentes (entre 2020-2021) com os seguintes objetivos: compreender o comportamento informacional online no contexto das redes sociais; avaliar o panorama da informação de saúde falsa ou distorcida transmitida através do Facebook; e, conhecer algumas propostas para contrariar a infodemia provocada pela pandemia. Os resultados mostram duas abordagens de investigação dominantes: análise do comportamento informacional, na sua maioria atividades de aquisição e de partilha de informação; e análise do conteúdo publicado, centrando-se na infodemia, no comportamento social e nas estratégias de comunicação das autoridades de saúde pública. Apesar das preocupações em relação à desinformação, a investigação revela um cenário ainda incerto com vista à obtenção de soluções para contrariar esta questão grave de saúde pública.
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